'Sujood as-Sahw' Sahw Prostrations:
What is Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations)?
If a mistake is made during prayer (salaah) or there is doubt about it, then Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) is performed to correct it. It is necessary to perform it when someone has made a mistake in one or more obligatory parts (waajib arkaan) of the prayer (salaah), such as in any rak'ah, prostration (sajdah), or bowing (ruku), or when there is a doubt that a mistake has been made.
If any part or parts of a prayer (salaah) are intentionally omitted or an extra part is recited, that prayer (salaah) becomes invalid (baatil).
It is not compulsory to perform Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) if a mistake is made in the recommended prayers (mustahibaat); for example, if the opening prayer (dua e istiftah) is forgotten or recited aloud with the cleric (molvi), or if the cleric (molvi) intended to recite a section or sections in a low voice but recited them aloud, or if he intended to recite them aloud but recited them in a low voice, then it is not necessary to perform the Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations).
When and how to perform Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations)?
Case No. 1:
If a mistake is made during prayer (salaah) or there is doubt about it, for example, if you are not sure that you performed three rak'aat or four, then assume one of them, which is most certain, and complete the rest of the prayer (salaah) accordingly, and then perform the two sujood, which is Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations).
Method:
After reciting the closing prayer (dua e ikhtatamiah) with the posture below:
Say Allaho Akbar and do the first prostration (sajdah) of Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) as mentioned below:
Then say Allaho Akbar and set the below posture:
Now again say Allaho Akbar and do the second prostration (sajdah) of Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) as mentioned below:
After that, say Allaho Akbar and set the below posture:
Now say Assalamoalaikum Warahma Tullah, as shown below, on both sides, first the right side and then the left side:
Case No. 2:
After completing the prayer (salaah) or after performing salaam (the last step of salaah), then you remember your mistake, or you have any doubt about it, or someone is watching you while you are praying (salaah) and tells you about your mistake after you complete your prayer (salaah), like when you were supposed to pray four rak'aat but prayed three rak'aat, or like when you were late and joined the congregation (jamaat) after one rak'ah with the cleric (molvi), and by mistake you also performed salaam (the last step of salaah) with the cleric (molvi), and then you remembered that you had one rak'ah left and you completed the prayer (salaah) without performing that rak'ah. So in this case, the method of performing Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) is different, and that is after completing the prayer (salaah), you have to perform that remaining rak'ah or rak'aat, or whatever the obligatory parts (waajib arkaan) of the prayer (salaah) you skipped or you have any doubt about it; first complete it all, then perform salaam (the last step of salaah) on both sides, and then perform the Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations), and then again perform the salaam (the last step of salaah) on both sides.
Method:
First complete the remaining rak'ah or rak'aat and then perform salaam (the last step of salaah) as shown below, on both sides, first the right side and then the left side:
After that, set the below posture:
Say Allaho Akbar and do the first prostration (sajdah) of Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) as mentioned below:
Then say Allaho Akbar and set the below posture:
Now again say Allaho Akbar and do the second prostration (sajdah) of Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) as mentioned below:
After that, say Allaho Akbar and set the below posture:
Now say Assalamoalaikum Warahma Tullah, as shown below, on both sides, first the right side and then the left side:
Islamic Event in the Life of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW):
It was narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah have mercy on him) that once Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) performed salaam (the last step of salaah) after two rak'aat, Zul-ya-Daien (may Allah have mercy on him) said to Him (SAW), ''Oh messenger of Allah (SAW)! Has the prayer (salaah) been shortened, or have You (SAW) forgotten?'' The Messenger of Allah (SAW) asked the people present over there, ''Is Zul-ya-Daien (may Allah have mercy on him) saying the correct thing?'' The people said, ''Yes,'' and then Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) stood up and prayed two more rak'aat that He (SAW) had forgotten, then He (SAW) performed the salaam (the last step of salaah) and then said Allaho Akbar and did the Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) longer than the normal sujood and then raised His (SAW) head to complete the prayer (salaah).
Reference: Bukhari 1228
Case No. 3:
After completing the prayer (salaah) or after performing salaam (the last step of salaah), then you remember that you prayed extra step/ steps (rukun/ arkaan) like prostration (sajdah) or rak'ah, or you have any doubt about it, or someone is watching you while you are praying and tells you about your mistake after you complete your salaah, that you prayed extra step/ steps (rukun/ arkaan) like prostration (sajdah) or rak'ah, then in this case you just have to perform the Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) after performing the salaam (the last step of salaah).
Method:
After performing the salaam (the last step of salaah), as shown below, on both sides, first the right side and then the left side:
Set the below posture:
Now say Allaho Akbar and do the first prostration (sajdah) of Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) as mentioned below:
After that, say Allaho Akbar and set the below posture:
Now again say Allaho Akbar and do the second prostration (sajdah) of Sujood as-Sahw (sahw prostrations) as mentioned below:
Then say Allaho Akbar and set the below posture:
After that, say Assalamoalaikum Warahma Tullah, as shown below, on both sides, first the right side and then the left side:
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